FIFTH LESSON

• PRESENTATION

1. Preparation
- objectives (aim of your talk)
- audience (change language)
- content
- organization (clear, logical, signposting...)
- visual information (screen, computers...)
- practise (confidence, timing, resolve problems...)

2. Delivery
- nervous (breathe deeply)
- voice (speak cleanly, not quickly, not monotony)
- body language (eyes contact, confidence, relax, not nervous gesties)
- visual information (not too much informations)
- questions (answer diplomatic)

Making this presentation I have learned to check my emotions.

I have spoken in front of more people and I have known how to keep the calm: the sure tone of voice, not to gesticulate and to maintain the visual contact with the public. I have looked for to interest the people changing stamp of voice and without too quickly speaking.

I think that this experience will serve me in a future and I will try to always improve checking my nervousness and my anxiety.

TOPIC FOUR: LORD DENNING

Tom Denning was an English veteran of the First World War, he was the greatest law-making judge of the 20^th century.

A judge for 38 years, he was known as "the people's judge" for his willingness to override precedent to do what he saw as justice and for his simply-worded judgments delivered in a Hampshire..

He used his genial mind and his eloquent prose following always his primary interest: the justice.

Lord Denning is dead on March 5 1999 aged 100.His colleagues judges remember him as a true worker, lover of his job. instead the young judges consider him their model of life. Well he has been and it is an model for everybody.

As his epitaph he chose: "Remembrance of me in good works, that is how I should like to be remembered."

GRAMMAR
Present Perfect & Past Simple

• Present Perfect (have /has+past participle)

PAST EXPERIENCES

I've been to London, but I haven't been to Oxford
She's never met his ex-wife
Have you ever lost your credit card?

RECENT ACTIONS

I've cut my finger!
He's just arrived at the airport

WITH yet AND already (for emphasis)

I've already done my homework. Can I watch TV?
Have you finished yet?
My brother hasn't found a new job yet

Use the present perfect when there is a connection between the past and the present.
Use for + a period time, or since with a point of time.


EXERCISE
Complete the dialogue with the past simple or present perfect (pag. 133 2A)

1. How long have you been at ubiversity?
2. I started two years ago. I'm in my third year now.
3. Do you live with your parents?
4. I have lived with the first two years but then I have moved into a student hostel last September and I lived there since then.

1. Has your brother found a job yet?
2. Yes, he's just started work in a hotel.

1. Have you ever been to Nobu - that new Japanese restaurant?
2. Yes, we went there for my birthday.
3. What was it like?
4. The food was fantastic but it cost a fortune!
   

Other exemples

- I've lived in Italy for 7 years. I like it here. (STILL LIVE IN ITALY)
- I lived in Italy for 7 years. Now I live in Spain. (NOW LIVE IN SPAIN)

- Rachel's been to New York several time. (NOW IS HERE)
- Rachel's not here, she's gone to New York. (STILL IS TO NEW YORK)

- Did you ever meet my grandfather? (DEAD)
- Have you ever met my grandfather? (ALIVE)

- My parent's have been married for 45 years. (STILL MARRIED)
- My parent's were married for 45 years. (DIVORCED)