VOCABULARY

New vocabulary from all the lessons:

• make (marca)

What make is your phone?

• car piece (auricolare)

You have to use the car piece while you drive.

• loudly (ad alta voce)

You shouldn't talk loudly on a mobile on public tranpsort.

• impolite/polite (non educato/educato)

My pupils are all polite.

• to dial (comporre)

I'm dialling a number.

• to text (scrivere un messaggio)

He's texting a friend to say about the party.

• hung up (riagganciare)

When you finish a phone call you hung up.

• ring tone

Now that I have the new mobile, I'm choosing a ring tone.

• calling back (richiamare)

She doesn't answer, I'll call back later.

• left message (lasciare un messaggio)
• voice mail (segreteria telefonica)

Sara's mobile isn't on, I left a message on her voice mail.

• busy/engaged (occupato)

I'm trying to call John, but the line's engaged/busy.

• switch off (spento)

You must remember to switch off your mibile when you go into a theatre.

• overweight (sovrappeso)

I'm going on a diet because I am a bit overweight.

• bald (calvo)

You probably will become bald because your father and your grandfather were bald.

• to revise (ripassare)

I must revise tonight because I have an exam tomorrow.

• to cheat (chiacchierare)

The pupils had tried to cheat in the exam.

• to fail (non superare)

My parents will be furious i f I fail this exam.

• suburbs (periferia)

Last year I moved into suburbs of London because the rents are cheaper.

• chimney (camino)

If I had more money, I'd buy a bigger house with the chimney.

• roof (tetto)

We need to repair the roof because when it rains, the water comes into the attic.

• balcony (balcone con muretto)

I went out onto the balcony to see what happening in the street.

• garage (garage)

Jim, can you put the car in the garage?

• wall (muro)

This is a traditional cottage with thick stone wall.

• gate (cancello)

You make sure the gate is closed well.

• garden (giardino)

I would like to plant colorful flowers in the garden.

• path (percorso)

The path will take you to the exit.

SEVENTH LESSON

GRAMMAR

Usually & Used to

• Usually: present habits states

I usually get up at 8.00 on school days.
I don't usually go out during the week.
Houses in the suburbs usually have gardens.
Do you usually walk to work?

For present habits use usually / normally + present simple.

• Used to: past habits and states

We used to be close friends but we don't see each other any more.
I used to go out with that girl when I was at school.
Did you use to wear glasses?
She didn't use to have fair. She had dark hair before.

For past habits use used to / didn't use to + infinitive.



EXERCISE

Correct any mistakes in the phrases. (Workbook, pag. 40)

-I didn't use to like Callum, but now he is one of my best friends.
- I usually go swimming, before I go to work.
- He used to be very overweight but than he went on a diet. Now he's very slim.
- Did you use to argue with your sister when you were little?
- My wife doesn't usuallydrive to work. She normally walks or goes by bus.
- Where did you use to work beforfe you came here?
- Do you usually get home before 8.00?



Complete the sentences with usually or the correct form of used to. (Workbook, pag. 41)

- We never used to eat out but now we go to a restaurant twice a week.
- We usually visit my parents on Sundays if I'm not working.
- Did you use to wear a uniform when you went to school?
- I used to go to the gym three times a week, but now any more. I'm too busy.
- He didn't use to like children, but now he's the perfect father.
- Do you usually work late on Fridays?
- He used to be very patient, but now he's really impatient.
- Did they use to go to the beach a lot when they were kids?
- We don't usually have a long holiday, but this year we're going to Australia for six mounths.

SIXTH LESSON

GRAMMAR
Second conditional: if+past simple, would/wouldn't+inifinitive

If I had more money, I'd buy a bigger house.
If he spoke English, he could get a job in a hotel.
I would get on better with my parents if I didn't live with them.
I wouldn't do that job unless they paid me a really good salary.
If I were you, I'd buy a new computer.

Use the second conditional to talk about hypothetical/imaginary situation in the present or future and its consequence.


EXERCISE
Correct any mistakes in the phrases. (Workbook, pag. 37)

- I'd help you this weekend if I could, but I can't.
- They wouldn't sell their house, even if someone offered them a million euros.
- If he didn't like the job so much, he wouldn't work so hard, but he loves it.
- I'd save a bit more money if I were you.
- If I could choose my job, I would be a journalist.
- If I didn't have small children, I'd travel more, but they're too young at the moment.
- We'd go to the cinema more often, if we had the time


Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Use the first or second conditional. (Workbook, pag. 37)

- I'll met you at the airport if you tell me what time the flight arrives.
- If you're late again, you'll lose your job.
- If she wasn't so selfish, she would have more friends.
- Would you retire if you won the lottery?
- We'll be very surprised if they get married this year.
- If there were more car parks, there wouldn't be so much traffic.
- You'd meet more people if you went out more often.
- If I have more time next year, i'll learn another language.
- If i had more time, I'd learn another language but i'm too busy.

FIFTH LESSON

GRAMMAR
First conditional & future time clauses

• First conditional: if (or unless) + present simple, will/won't + infinitive

If you don't do more work, you'll fail the exam.
He'll be late for work if he doesn't hurry up.
She won't get into university unless she gets good grades.

Use the first conditional to talk about a real situation.

• Future time clauses

As soon as you get your exam results, call me.
We'll have dinner when your father gets home.
I won't go to bed until you come home.
I'll have lunch before I leave.
After I finish university, I'll probably take a year off and travel.

EXERCISE
Match the sentence halves. (Workbook, pag. 35)

- I'll have to go to a new school ____ when my parents move to Doncaster.
- She won't start primary school ____ until she's four years old.
- I think I'll go on holiday ____ after i finish my exams.
- As soon as I get home ____ I'm going to do my homework.
- Her parents will get her a present ____ if she gets good marks.


Circle the correct answer. (Workbook, pag. 36)

- She won't start the class until all the pupils are quiet.
- I'll probably talk to my teachers before i choose my exam subject.
- We'll have to wear a uniform when we go to secondary school.
- I won't leave early unless the teacher gives me permission.
- She'll do her homework as soon as she gets home.
- He'll be really disappointed if he fails his exams.
- She won't go to secondaryy school until she's 11 years old.


Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb. (Workbook, pag. 36)

- Will you take the exam again if you fail it?
- I'll do my homework as soon as this programme ends.
- He won't leave home until he finishes at university.
- When I get my resultsI'll call you immediatly.
- I'll come and see you before I go to England.
- We'll be late unless we hurry up.
- Until I speak to my teacher I won't know what subject I'm doing.
- You won't pass the exam if you don't revise more.

FOURTH LESSON

GRAMMAR
Can, could, be able to (ability and possibility)

• Can only has a present, past and conditional form.

I can speak Spanish very well.
She could play the violin when she was three.
She can't come tonight. She's ill.
They couldn't wait because they were in a hurry.
Could you open that door, please?

• You can use be able to in the present, past, future, present perfect, and as a gerund or infinitive.

I am able to aept your invitation.
They weren't able to come.
I'll be able to practise my Englkish in London.
I'd like to be able to ski.

EXERCISE

Complete the sentences with the correct form of can, could, or be able to.
(Workbook, pag.30)

- She could type when she started working for IBM Berlin.
- She can speak Italian.
- She's able to write computer programs since at least 1990.
- She'd like to be able to speak Russian.
- She couldn't speak Spanish when she was with IBM London.
- She'll be able to drive a car very soon.


Put the correct form. If both forms are possible, put them both. (Workbook, pag.30)

- To work for this airlain you must be able to speak English fluenty.
- I'm really sorry I couldn't come to your party last Saturday.
- If it doesn't rain, we'll be able to go to the mountains tomorrow.
- I've been so busy I haven't been able to call him yet.
- I used to be able to speak a bit of Russian but I've forgotten it now.
- If we had a bit more money, we could/would be able to buy a better car.
- I hate not being able to tell my boss what I really think of him.
- He could/was able to talk when he was only eighteen months old.
- Can you/ will you be able to help me tomorrow?
- I've never been able to dance very well.
- To live in the country you need to be able to drive.

THIRD LESSON

GRAMMAR
Must, may, might, can't (deduction)

• You use must when you are sure something is true.

They must be out. There aren't any lights on.
She must have a lot of money. She drives a Porsche.

• You use migh/may when you think something is possibly true.

His phone's switched off. He might be on the plane now.
She 's not at home. She may be working.

• You use can't when you are sure something is impossible or not true.

He can't be ill. I saw him at the gym.
They can't be Italian. They're speaking to each other in Spanish.



EXERCISE.
Complete the sentences with must, might/may or can't. (Workbook, pag. 29)


- They must be very happy, they've just won the lottery.

- She can't be the new boss, she's too young.

- It may be a Roman plate, but I'm not sure.

- That can't be the same man, he looks completely different.

- Look. He must be the doctor. Open the door.

- I don't Know where Jim is. He might be at gym. He sometimes goes there after work.



Complete the sentences with must, might/may or can't and a verb from the list. (Workbook, pag. 29)


- You've been at the gym all morning. You must be tired!

- It may rain today. Those clouds are quite dark.

- She can't have four children, she's only twenty!

- Jane failed her exams. She must feel awful!

- I'm not sure where Juana is from. But from her accent I think she may come from Peru.

- John's in hospital? That can't be true. I saw him this morning and he was fine.

SECOND LESSON

GRAMMAR
Must, Have to, Should (obligation)

You have to wear a seatbelt in a car
Do you have to work on Sunday?
I had to wear a uniform at my primary school
I'll have to get up early tomorrow.

I must remember to phone Emily tonight - it's her birthday
You must be on time for class tomorrow - there's a test

You don't have to pay for the tickets. They're free.
You don't have to go to the party if you don't want to.

You mustn't eat that cake _ it's for the party.
You mustn't touch that. It's dangerous.

Have to is more common for general, external obligation, for exemple rules and laws.
Must is more common for specific or personal obligation.
Don't have to isn't an obligation, but a necessity.
Mustn't is a prohibition.

You should take warm clothes with you to Dublin.
It might be cold at night.I think the government should do something about unemployment.

We use it to say if we think something is the right or wrong thing to do.


EXERCISE
(Workbook, pag. 25)

- You shoul have a rest. You look exhausted.
- In the future every one will have to speak English and Chinese.
- Do you have to wear a suit and tie at work?
-I had to stay in bed yesterday as I didn't feel well.
- You mustn't park here. It's "no parking".
- I didn't have to get a taxi. Lina took me to the airport.
-People shouldn't answer their mobiles when they're talking to someone.